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Plywood Grading Standards

Plywood Grades: Baltic Letters vs the American Standard

American National Standard for Hardwood and Decorative Plywood (ANSI/HPVA HP-1-2024)

BIRCH PLYWOOD QC CHECKLIST & QC REPORT

Applicable Standards: GOST 10.55‑71 / GOST 3916.1‑96 (Baltic Birch) & ANSI/HPVA HP‑1‑2024 Product: Birch Plywood All inspection items reference collected defect nomenclature.

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BIRCH PLYWOOD QC CHECKLIST

Project / PO Number: ________________________ Batch No.: ________________________ Date of Inspection: ________________________ Supplier / Mill: ________________________ Specified Grade (Face / Back + Standard): ________________________ Panel Dimension (L × W): _______________ Nominal Thickness: _______________ Core Type: □ Veneer Core □ Composite Core □ Particleboard Core □ MDF Core Veneer Cutting Method: □ Rotary‑Cut □ Plain‑Sliced □ Quarter‑Cut Sample Quantity Inspected: _______________ Total Shipment Qty: _______________

Item No.	Inspection / Defect Item	Accept ✔	Reject ✘	N/A	Remarks (size, quantity per m², location)
1 Knot & Burl Defects
1.1	Sound knots
1.2	Pin knots
1.3	Small burls
1.4	Conspicuous burls
1.5	Sound tight knots
1.6	Sound tight burls
1.7	Loose knots
1.8	Falling‑out knots
1.9	Knot holes
1.10	Sound & repaired knots
1.11	Repaired knots
2 Crack, Split & Joint Defects
2.1	Cracks
2.2	Splits
2.3	Checks / Open seams / End splits
2.4	Open joints
2.5	Gap in joints
2.6	Blended repaired hairline splits
2.7	Blended repaired tapering
2.8	Repaired splits / Repaired joints
3 Patch, Insert & Repair Defects
3.1	Patches
3.2	Inserts (wooden inserts)
4 Bark, Veneer Overlap & Missing Veneer
4.1	Bark pockets
4.2	Overlaps in the outer plies / Laps
4.3	Missing veneer
5 Stain, Discoloration & Mineral Related
5.1	Discolouration
5.2	Streaks
5.3	Mineral streaks
5.4	Vine marks / Vine
5.5	Worm tracks / Vertical worm holes
5.6	False heartwood
5.7	Sap
6 Surface Machining & Sanding Defects
6.1	Rough grain
6.2	Rough cut / Ruptured grain
6.3	Sanding marks
6.4	Oversanding
6.5	Surface roughness
6.6	Waviness / Pile / Ripple
6.7	Dents / Imprints / Ridges
6.8	Scratches
6.9	Grain dent
7 Glue & Bonding Defects
7.1	Glue lines
7.2	Glue percolation
7.3	Glue line showing through
7.4	Delamination
7.5	Blisters
8 Foreign Matter & Wood Degradation
8.1	Metallic inclusions
8.2	Rot
8.3	Doze
8.4	Chips
9 Geometry & Dimensional Performance
9.1	Warp
9.2	Flatness / Deflection
9.3	Thickness out of spec
10 General Defect Category
10.1	Open defects

Inspector Note: Always reference specified standard (GOST or ANSI‑HPVA) for allowable size, count per m² and location limits.

Inspector Name: ________________________ Signature: ________________________ Inspection Result: □ PASS □ FAIL □ CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE Corrective Action Required (if FAIL / Conditional):

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BIRCH PLYWOOD QC REPORT

1. General Information Purchase Order #: ________________________ Batch / Lot Number: ________________________ Inspection Date: ________________________ Supplier: ________________________ Place of Inspection: ________________________ Specified Plywood Grade: Face‑Back _______________ Standard: □ GOST 10.55‑71 □ GOST 3916.1‑96 □ ANSI/HPVA HP‑1‑2024 Nominal thickness: _______________ Panel size: L ________ × W ________ Core construction: ____________________________________ Veneer cut type: ____________________________________ Total lot quantity: _______________ Sample inspected quantity: _______________
2. Visual & Defect Inspection Summary

Record major non‑conformities; describe defect type, dimension, quantity per m², position on panel.

Defect Description	Occurrence Count	Defect Size (mm / inch)	Location (Face / Back / Edge / Core)	Compliance vs Specified Standard

3. Dimensional & Physical Check

• Thickness tolerance: □ OK □ Not OK Remarks: ________________________
• Flatness / Warp / Deflection: □ OK □ Not OK Remarks: ________________________
• Edge condition: □ OK □ Not OK Remarks: ________________________
• Glue bond condition (no delamination / blisters): □ OK □ Not OK Remarks: ________________________

4. Overall Assessment □ PASS — All inspected panels meet requirements of referenced standard and purchase specification. □ FAIL — Critical / major defects exceed allowable limits; lot is rejected. □ CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE — Minor non‑conformities; follow agreed‑upon corrective action / concession.
5. Comments & Recommendation

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Inspector Full Name: ________________________ Signature: ________________________ Report No.: ________________________