A Complete Interpretation of Punching Technology for Panel Furniture
Guide: As we all know, punching is an indispensable process in the production process of panel furniture. Whether the punching process organization of parts is reasonable directly affects the production efficiency and production cost.
In the processing and production of panel furniture, in order to facilitate the joint between parts, the panel parts need to be punched after veneer bonding, edge trimming and edge treatment. Generally, panel furniture needs to be perforated, and it can be drilled for multiple purposes at one time. The number of holes is large, the size is different, and the parts are different. Some holes are drilled on the plane, and some holes are drilled at the end. The requirements for processing dimensional accuracy are high. Group technology is to classify and group various products, components and parts of an enterprise according to certain similarity criteria, and organize each link of production on the basis of these groups, so as to realize the rationalization of design, manufacturing and management of multi variety, small and medium batch products. It is a new technology that can improve the production efficiency of medium and small batch products. The combination of group technology and computer technology has been applied to all aspects of the machinery manufacturing industry, which has become a comprehensive technology of great significance to the machinery manufacturing industry, but it is rarely used in the furniture manufacturing industry. If the group technology can be widely used in the furniture manufacturing industry properly, it will have a significant effect in rationalizing the production process and reducing costs, making the furniture manufacturing industry to a new level.
1、 The basic theory of group technology guiding the discipline of group technology is the principle of similarity. The mechanical manufacturing industry applies this principle to classify and group the components and parts of a variety of products according to certain similarity criteria, according to the similarity of specifications, shapes, manufacturing processes, equipment used, tooling, etc., and then manufacture them from the parts group, so as to expand the product batch. Its purpose is to realize the optimization of product variety, product design, process design, manufacturing and production management in medium and small batch production, reduce product cost and improve production efficiency. The first condition for applying group technology is the similarity of parts, and the additional condition is that there should be a part classification coding system code to classify and code parts. In addition, with the ideal conditions for applying group technology, the purpose of improving production efficiency can be achieved.
2、 Punching process introduction Punching is mainly used to make interfaces for panel furniture. At present, the types of punching for panel parts mainly include: dowel holes (used for the installation or positioning of dowels), bolt holes (used for the positioning or screwing in of various bolts and screws), hinge holes (used for the installation of various hinges), connector holes (used for the installation and linking of various connectors, pins, etc.). Generally, plate type parts need to be punched for multiple purposes at one time. There are many holes, different sizes and different parts. Some holes are drilled on the plane, while others are drilled at the end. The machining size (aperture and pitch) requires high precision, so the drilling should be standardized, serialized and generalized.
3、 The application of group technology in the punching process 1. The punching process and “32mm” system “32mm” system take the side panel as the core, and the side panel is the most important skeleton component in the furniture, especially in the cabinet furniture of the panel furniture, almost all the parts and components in the cabinet furniture should be related to the side panel. The most important drilling design and processing in the “32mm” system are also concentrated on the side plate. After the location of the holes on the side plate is determined, the relative positions of other components are also determined. Panel furniture enterprises shall carry out standardization, serialization and generalization for punching. The punching process obtains standardized parts from the “32mm” system, that is, standardized hole location, hole spacing, and hole diameter, with similarity. From the concept, basic principles and application conditions of group technology, it can be found that the punching process of panel furniture is very consistent with the concept and theoretical requirements of group technology. Because the punching process of panel furniture products is based on the design concept of “32mm system”, and the size is similar; The materials of most products are similar, and the structures of wood-based panels (mostly particleboard and MDF) and plate components are similar; The connection structure between plate type components is similar to the connection mode with connectors and side plates as the core; The production process of panel furniture products is relatively simple, and the production process is very similar. Therefore, it is appropriate to use group technology to apply the punching process of panel furniture. In addition, panel furniture punching can use highly mechanized production equipment to match the “32mm system”, which also meets the requirements of the technical application conditions of the composite group. 2. If the shape, size and number of holes punched are very similar, the similarity of GT technology can be used for centralized processing. The specific organization and production methods are as follows: 1) Take a certain production cycle as a unit, prepare the parts with the same or similar shape, size and number of holes; 2) Centralized production of parts with similar or identical holes; 3) Adopt through type processing equipment as far as possible; 4) The process differentiation shall be adopted as far as possible to reduce the auxiliary processing time. 3. For example, it is assumed that a certain batch of series furniture A, B and C parts are punched on the same drilling machine. Furniture A needs to process two parts A1 and A2 (with different sizes), furniture B needs parts B1 and B2 (with different sizes), and furniture C needs to process part C1. If the furniture is taken as the unit and the holes are drilled according to A1, A2, B1, B2 and C1 respectively, the production efficiency is the lowest. It requires at least 5 times to change the position support control of each drill bit on the same drill row and between different drill rows, and the corresponding adjustment equipment and first article confirmation time is the longest. According to the idea of group technology, the punching sizes of similar parts are analyzed uniformly. It is found that A1, B1 and C1 are the same, while A2 and B2 are the same. At this time, if parts A1, B1 and C1 are used as a group for drilling, and A2 and B2 are used as a group for drilling, the production efficiency is the highest, because only the position of the drill bit and drill row needs to be changed and the equipment needs to be adjusted once, which saves a lot of time for changing the position of the drill bit and drill row, adjusting the equipment and first article confirmation. 4. The advantages of the application of group technology in the drilling process include: 1) reducing the production cycle and reducing the work in progress; 2) Flexible production, easy to change with the market; 3) Better task assignment, better processing quality, reduce rework and scrap; 4) Improve productivity and reduce costs.
4、 Conclusion Whether the part drilling process organization of a panel furniture product is reasonable or not directly affects the production efficiency and production cost, because it affects the processing time and the time proportion of changing the drill bit and drill row position and adjusting the equipment. The organization is unreasonable, and the auxiliary processing time such as the time for changing the position of the drill bit and drill row and adjusting the equipment accounts for a large proportion of the total processing time, otherwise, the proportion is small. The application of drilling technology in group technology is to reduce these proportions as much as possible according to the similarity, so as to improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost. The conditions for the feasibility of applying group technology in the punching process of panel furniture enterprises include three aspects: first, the part design is rationalized. Group technology and the “32mm” system must be used in the design work to make the hole positions of panel furniture parts have certain similarity. Second, the furniture manufacturing system has a high degree of automation and needs more flexible furniture punching equipment. The third is that computer technology codes the parts of panel furniture, which can reasonably schedule similar parts for punching. If the above three conditions are met, the group technology can be fully applied in the panel furniture punching process to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. The basic requirement of panel furniture drilling is to ensure the processing accuracy of hole location, hole spacing and hole diameter according to the design requirements. With the improvement of the mechanization and automation of the furniture industry, the panel furniture punching machine tool is gradually developing towards the direction of high precision, high productivity, automation, multi-function and strong professionalism.
